从巴基斯坦的外交政策和对外关系发展来看，2021年是富有成果的一年。巴基斯坦在一系列双边和多边外交战线上积极和一贯地推进外交目标。

它巩固了与各地区主要大国和关键伙伴的友谊，进一步加强了双边关系。它继续在多边论坛上发出领导声音，大力倡导可持续和公平发展、气候变化、债务减免、腐败和非法资金流动以及仇视伊斯兰等问题。并一直在政策转变提供的清晰路径上推进，越来越关注地缘经济，利用其地缘政治意义。它成功地和有效地就包括查谟和克什米尔争端以及阿富汗局势在内的重大外交政策问题提出了自己的观点和叙述。

2021年也是巴基斯坦外交部令人兴奋的改革和发展之年，2020年远景FO下的战略改革计划在2021年成为现实。为此，中国启动了强有力的经济外交议程——公共外交倡议，参与大规模的数字改革，并利用科学外交。

2021年，巴基斯坦以具体和切实的行动巩固了负责任、可靠和友谊的声誉，真正巩固了其作为地区枢纽的作用。与50多个国家完成85次双边交流，35次巴基斯坦高级领导人访问，32次巴基斯坦高级领导人访问，访问18个国家，50多次多边高层接触，35次国际论坛，5次由巴基斯坦发起/共同发起的联合国决议。先后举办25次外长级公共外交活动、6国70周年庆典活动、20次外长级经济外交活动。也带来了114个任务在线，跨越3个社交媒体。

阿富汗

阿富汗的事态发展- -在8月15日事态转变之前和之后- -对巴基斯坦这个历史上受阿富汗不稳定后果影响最大的直接邻国提出了重大挑战。

8月15日之后，巴基斯坦在42个国家的8万多人安全撤离行动中发挥了关键作用，这些人包括外交官、国际非政府组织工作人员、媒体和许许多多其他人员。我们的警官夜以继日地工作，就是为了做到这一点。这是一个负责任的国家应该做的。我们完成了我们的任务。伊姆兰·汗总理承诺向阿富汗提供50亿卢比的援助，首批援助已经开始。

巴基斯坦一贯主张，阿富汗局势没有军事解决办法，除了通过谈判达成政治解决之外，没有其他选择。

阿富汗的和平事关重大，经过40年的冲突，我们意识到这是实现持久稳定的机会之窗，巴基斯坦调整其外交政策，倡导并争取区域和国际共识，认为有必要与阿富汗新的临时当局进行建设性和持续的接触，以帮助解决阿富汗人民面临的多重挑战，特别是人道主义危机和经济崩溃的风险。

这包括在巴基斯坦的倡议下建立由阿富汗近邻组成的六国模式，我们参加莫斯科模式和其他会议，以及在伊斯兰堡举行的“三驾马车+会议”，包括与阿富汗临时当局的互动。

伊斯兰会议组织协调机制第十七届特别会议

这些活动的高潮是12月19日巴基斯坦在伊斯兰堡主办的伊斯兰会议组织外交部长理事会特别会议，会议的重点是阿富汗的人道主义局势。

有70多个代表团参加，其中包括30个部长级/副部长级代表团，以及来自各个区域和国际组织和国际伙伴的代表，会议为解决阿富汗人民面临的人道主义和经济挑战提供了一个更广泛的平台。会议取得了实质性的、以行动为导向的成果，其中包括:在伊斯兰开发银行下建立一个人道主义信托基金，并启动一个粮食安全方案

任命伊斯兰会议组织秘书长特使

除其他重要决定外，会议还讨论了流动资金、加强银行渠道、解冻阿富汗资产以及确保制裁不妨碍人道主义援助等问题。

伊斯兰会议组织会议后，联合国安理会第2615号决议重申，向阿富汗提供人道主义和其他援助并不违反联合国制裁。这是一项积极和重要的发展。

经济外交

根据政府关注地缘经济的政策，经济外交在巴基斯坦的外交政策中占据了优先地位。一整年，在我的愿景FO下，我个人一直与我们的海外使团保持联系，审查他们在促进出口和投资、增加投资者信心、促进汇款流入、促进旅游业以及扩大与东道国的贸易关系方面的活动。

2021年，我还很高兴与匈牙利外交部长、贸易部长Péter Szijjártó一起，为匈牙利-巴基斯坦贸易和经济窗口揭幕。

随后，外交部长、匈牙利贸易部长Péter Szijjártó首次访问巴基斯坦，率领一个专门关注经济外交的高级商务代表团，在我的公共外交倡议下，在外交部举办了一个商务网络活动。

数字外交

今年，数字外交是我的愿景FO的核心重点，也符合总理对数字巴基斯坦的愿景。

作为一个创始成员，我们欢迎数字合作组织秘书长Deema Al Yahya今年访问巴基斯坦，计划扩大数字业务和扩大贸易。

巴基斯坦总理伊姆兰·汗(Imran Khan)推出了“授权书自动化”，以回应海外巴基斯坦人长期以来的要求。该设施最初是作为一个试点项目在美国和英国的10个特派团启动的，之后将扩展到巴基斯坦在海外的所有特派团。

公共外交

2021 年，由于我们的各种公共外交举措，巴基斯坦的外交取得了巨大的增长。 今年，我们庆祝了与阿根廷、中国、德国、西班牙和泰国的 70 年历史性友谊，举办了具有影响力的公共外交活动，为我们的关系增添了新的人文层面。 2022 年，我们将与包括阿联酋、美国、英国和欧盟在内的许多其他国家庆祝我们友谊的重要里程碑。 我们乐观地认为，2022 年不仅对巴基斯坦，而且对整个世界在和平、稳定与和谐方面都将更加富有成效。

翻译整理：那娜

责任编辑：陈龙狮

附件：本报时事评论员巴铁泽米尔简介

Zamir Awan，泽米尔阿万，笔名：巴铁泽米尔。

现任巴基斯坦国立科技大学中国研究中心副主任。巴基斯坦驻中国大使馆原科技参赞。

泽米尔生于1962年3月1日，80年代在中国留过学。在上海大学获得学士与硕士学位，机械专业。

从2010年，在巴基斯坦驻华大使馆，担任参赞，负责中巴两国之间科技交流与发展科技合作。中巴两国政治关系非常密切，通称“铁哥们儿全天候战略合作伙伴”的关系。科技算战略地位，所以两国也重视科技交流与合作。

泽米尔阿万，利用他在中国学习时学过的知识（包括农业、林业、生物学、健康业、工业、水电、能源、高等教育等等）加强了合作关系。签订了不少合同与协议，推动了不少项目。

他为巴中两国人民之间的友谊做了不少的工作，特别一带一路与巴中经济走廊方面。在他的任期中，在两国关系发展壮大。

从2020年起成为《澳门法治报》时事评论员。

2021: a fruitful year for Pakistan's International Relations

From the perspective of Pakistan’s foreign policy and promotion of external relations, the year 2021 was fruitful. Pakistan has proactively and consistently advanced diplomatic objectives on a range of diplomatic fronts, both bilaterally and multilaterally.

It has consolidated friendships and further strengthened bilateral relations with major powers and key partners across all regions. It has continued to be a leading voice at multilateral forums with strong advocacy on issues of sustainable and equitable development, climate change, debt relief, corruption & illicit financial flows, and Islamophobia. And has been pressing ahead on the clear pathway provided by the policy shift with an increased focus on geo-economics, leveraging its geopolitical significance. It has successfully and effectively put forward its perspective and narrative on major foreign policy issues including the Jammu and Kashmir dispute and the situation in Afghanistan.

2021 has also been an exciting year of reform and evolution for Pakistan at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs where the strategic reform planning under Vision FO in 2020, became a reality in 2021. To this end, it has launched a robust Economic Diplomacy agenda, Public Diplomacy Initiative, engaged in large-scale digital reform, and leveraged Science Diplomacy.   

In 2021, Pakistan truly cemented its role as a regional pivot with concrete and tangible actions to cement a reputation for responsibility, reliability, and friendship. It has completed 85 Bilateral Exchanges with over 50 Countries, 35 Senior Leadership visits to Pakistan, 32 Senior Leadership Visits by Pakistan, 18 Countries Visited, Over 50 High-level Multilateral Engagements, 35 International Forums, 5 Pakistan sponsored/co sponsored Resolutions were adopted by the UN. It has held 25 Public Diplomacy Engagements at the Foreign Minister level, 70-year Celebrations held with 6 Countries, 20 Economic Diplomacy Engagements at the Foreign Minister level. Also has brought 114 Missions Online, Across 3 Social Mediums. 

Afghanistan

The developments in Afghanistan – in the run-up to and post 15 August turn of events – presented a major challenge to Pakistan as the immediate neighbor that has historically suffered the most from the consequences of instability in Afghanistan.

Post 15 August, Pakistan played a pivotal role in the safe evacuation of over 80 thousand individuals across 42 nationalities, consisting of diplomats, International NGO workers, the media, and many, many others. Our officers worked day and night, to make this happen. This is what a responsible nation does. We played our part.  Prime Minister Imran Khan has pledged Rs5 Billion aid to Afghanistan, the first consignments of which have already started.

Pakistan has consistently advocated that there is no military solution to the situation in Afghanistan and no alternative other than a negotiated political settlement.

With a vital stake in a peaceful Afghanistan and sensing this window of opportunity for durable stability after 40 years of conflict, Pakistan geared its diplomacy in advocating and garnering regional and international consensus on the need for constructive and sustained engagement with the new interim authorities in Afghanistan to help address the multiple challenges confronting the Afghan people, particularly the humanitarian crisis and the risk of economic collapse.

This included the establishment of the six-country format of immediate neighbors of Afghanistan on Pakistan’s initiative, our participation in the Moscow format and other meetings, and the Troika plus Meeting held in Islamabad including the interaction with the Afghan interim authorities.

17th Extraordinary Session of OIC CFM

The high point of these activities was the Extraordinary Session of the OIC Council of Foreign Ministers hosted by Pakistan in Islamabad on 19 December to focus on the humanitarian situation in Afghanistan.

Attended by over 70 delegations, including 30 at the Ministerial/Deputy Ministerial level, and representations from various regional and international organizations, and international partners, it provided a wider platform to address the humanitarian and economic challenges confronting the people of Afghanistan. The meet led to a substantive, action-oriented outcome that included: establishment of a Humanitarian Trust Fund under the Islamic Development Bank and launching of a Food Security Program Appointment of a Special Envoy of the OIC Secretary-General Along with other important decisions, the Conference also addressed the issues of liquidity, enhanced access to banking channels, unfreezing Afghan assets, and ensuring that sanctions do not impede humanitarian assistance.

In the wake of the OIC Conference, the adoption of UN Security Council resolution 2615 reaffirmed that the provision of humanitarian and other assistance to Afghanistan was not a violation of UN sanctions. It is a positive and important development.

Economic Diplomacy

In line with the Government’s policy to focus on geo-economics, economic diplomacy has assumed high priority in the conduct of Pakistan’s foreign policy. Throughout the year, under my Vision FO, I have personally remained engaged with our missions abroad to review their activities regarding export and investment promotion, increasing investor confidence, enhancing remittance inflows, tourism promotion, and broadening of trade ties with host countries.

In 2021 I was also pleased to come together with Foreign Minister, Minister of Trade for Hungary Péter Szijjártó to virtually inaugurate the Hungary-Pakistan Trade & Economic Window. 

This was followed by Foreign Minister, Minister of Trade for Hungary Péter Szijjártó’s maiden visit to Pakistan with a high-level business delegation with a specific focus on Economic Diplomacy, for which a business networking event was curated at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs under my Public Diplomacy Initiative.

Digital Diplomacy

This year, Digital Diplomacy was a core focus under my Vision FO, and in line with the Prime Minister’s vision of a Digital Pakistan.

As a founding member, we welcomed the Secretary-General of the Digital Cooperation Organization Deema Al Yahya to Pakistan this year, with plans for greater digital expansion and trade.

Prime Minister Imran Khan launched ‘Automation of Power of Attorney’, corresponding to a long-held demand of overseas Pakistanis. Initially launched as a pilot project in ten Missions in the United States and the United Kingdom, this facility will be extended to all Pak Missions abroad.

Public Diplomacy   

In 2021, Pakistan’s Diplomatic outreach achieved momentous growth as a result of our various public diplomacy initiatives.

This year we celebrated 70 historic years of friendship with Argentina, China, Germany, Spain, and Thailand, hosting high-impact Public Diplomacy events to add a new and renewed people-to-people dimension to our ties. In 2022, we will be celebrating key milestones in our friendships with many others including UAE, US, UK, and the EU.

We are optimistic that the year 2022, will be more fruitful not only for Pakistan but for the whole world in terms of peace, stability and harmony.

Author: Prof. Engr. Zamir Ahmed Awan – Sinologist (ex-Diplomat), Editor, Analyst, Non-Resident Fellow of CCG (Center for China and Globalization), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan.